στείβω

στείβω

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to tread (on something), to densify by treading, to trod, to trample' (ep. poet. since Λ 534 a. Υ 499).

Other forms: only presentst. except aor. κατ-έστειψας (S. OC 467; not quite certain), vbaladj. στιπτός (v. l. -ει-) `trodden solid, solid, hard'(S., Ar.), ἄ- στείβω `untrodden' (S.; also OGI 606?).

Compounds: Rarely w. prefix, e.g. ἐπι-, κατα-.

Derivatives: στοιβή f. `stuffing, cushion, bulge etc.'; often as plantname `Poterium spinosum', of which the leaves were used to fill up (Hp., Ar., Arist., Epid. [IV^a] etc.), with στοιβ-ίον `id.' (Dawkins JournofHellStud. 56, 10), -άς = στιβάς, -ηδόν `crammed in' (Arist.-comm.), -άζω, rarely w. δια- a.o., `to fill, to stuff' (Hdt., LXX a.o.), from which -αστός, -αστής, -ασις, -άσιμος, -ασία (hell. a. late). -- Besides zero grade nouns: A. στίβος m. `(trodden) road, path, footstep, trail' (ep. Ion. poet. since h. Merc.; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 318), `fuller's workshop' (pap. III<sup>a</sup>). From this 1. στιβάς, -άδος f. `bed of straw, reed or leaves, mattress, bed, grave' (IA.) with -άδιον n. `id'. (hell. a. late), -αδεύω `to use like straw' (Dsc.). 2. στιβεύς m. `hound' (Opp.), `fuller' (pap.), = ὁδευτής (H.), -εύω `to track' (D. S., Plu., H.), = πορεύεσθαι (H.) with -εία f. `the tracking etc.' (D. S. a.o.), -εῖον n. `fuller's workshop' (pap.), -ευτής m. `hound' (Sostrat. ap. Stob.); also -ίη = -εία (Opp.; metr. cond.). 3. στιβική f. `fuller's tax' (pap. III<sup>a</sup>). 4. στιβάζω `to enter, to track etc.' with -ασις f. (late). 5. ἐστίβηται `has been tracked' perf. pass. (S. Aj. 874; στιβέω or -άω?). 6. ἄ-στιβ-ος `unentered' (AP), usu. -ής `id.' (A., S., also X. a.o.; joined to the εσ-stems and connected with the verb), -ητος `id.' (Lyc. a.o.; cf. ἐστίβηται). 7. Στίβων name of a dog (X. Cyn.). -- B. στιβαρός `solid, compact, massive, strong' (ep. poet. Il., also hell. a. late prose); like βριαρός a.o.; Chantraine Form. 227, also Benveniste Origines 19; cf. also Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 49, -αρηδόν adv. `compact' (opposite σποράδην; late). -- C. With long vowel στί̄βη f. `ripe' (Od., Call.), -ήεις (Call.); on the meaning cf. πάγος, πάχνη to πήγνυμι.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1015] *steib- `(become) stiff, fixed

Etymology: From the Greek material the essential meaning appears to be the idea `tread (with the feet), make solid, fill up, press together' (στοιβή, στιβάς, στι-βαρός), from where `tread' with `path, trace, track' (στείβω, στίβος, στιβεύω). -- Exact agreements outside Greek for στείβω and related στίβος, στιβαρός are missing. Nearest comes Arm. stēp, gen. -oy `frequent, incessant, permanent' (adj. and adv.; on the meaning cf. πυκνός) with stip-em `press, urge', -aw, -ov `quick, diligent(ly)' from IE *stoibo- or *steibo-; so an exampel of the very rare IE b? Beside it with p the Lat. secondary formation stīpāre `press to gether, press, heap, fill up'; here also the Corinth. PN Στίπων (IG 4, 319)? -- To this can be connected in diff. languages on the one hand expressions for `fixed, stiff etc.': Germ., e.g. OE, MHG stīf `stiff, straight', Balt., e.g. Lith. stimpù, stìpti `become stiff or frozen', stiprùs `strong, steady'; on the other hand words for `bar, stalk, post etc.' in Lat. stīpes `pole, stem, bar', stipula `straw' and, with b (IE b as in στείβω), Lith., e.g. stíebas `mast(tree), pillar, stalk etc.', Slav., e.g. Russ. stébelь `stalk' etc. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP 2, 646ff., Pok. 1015f., W.-Hofmann s. stīpō, stips, stipula, Fraenkel and Vasmer s. vv. (Not hereVgl. στῖφος, στιφρός.)

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